The
National Botanic Garden of Wales was opened in May 2000. Situated in
a restored eighteenth century park, the garden aims to conserve threatened
plant species, facilitate research into plant diversity and provide
an absorbing experience for visitors.
The
focal point of the garden is the Great Glasshouse. Designed by Lord
Norman Foster and Partners, this is the largest single span glasshouse
in the world. It houses a unique collection of Mediterranean plants
from around the world. Many of the 1,000 plant species collected are
facing extinction in their natural habitats. A sophisticated climate
control system creates a suitable environment and biological controls
are used in preference to pesticides.
There
are extensive educational, visitor and conference facilities with wonderful
plant displays at the National Botanic Garden of Wales. Outside the
core visitor area is a 400 acre estate managed organically under Tir
Gofal. This has a wide variety of habitats and a rich diversity of wildlife.
Scientific research focuses on conservation of rare and threatened Welsh
plants such as Ley's Whitebeam (Sorbus leyana), Snowdonia Hawkweed (Hieracium
snowdoniense) and Perennial Centaury (Centaurium scilloides). With just
16 specimens growing wild, Sorbus leyana is Britain's rarest tree.
The
Great Glasshouse and other buildings are heated by a biomass boiler,
which burns local waste wood. Rainwater is collected from the roof of
the glasshouse to be used in the water features and for cleaning machinery
and flushing toilets. Effluent from the toilets is treated by plants
and bacteria in 'The Living Machine' before re-entering the garden's
lake system.
In
2003, the new science research centre incorporating a bioscience and
environmental business incubator will open. The aim is to provide support
for new companies, with technical and business advice on hand, to help
then grow into viable, freestanding businesses within three years.